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Mythology Matters

Hermetic and Kabbalistic correspondences can a very effective tool for mis-understanding everything. One of the dangers of thinking of gods and spirits in these terms is that we can loose sight of their fullness and only see the aspect that we are working with. I have written about this many times before, often bringing up the example of a magician that placed the Orishas in the quarters of their circle based on elemental attributions, without knowing that Yemeja and Oya do not get along. Correspondences are nice, but they do not over-ride tradition, mythology, and history – even the stuff that you aren’t aware of.

Alas, just because you write about something and warn others about it, doesn’t mean that you won’t occasionally fall into the same trap yourself.

I have been working on my upcoming chapbook on Planetary Magic for a while now. I am on the last chapter, a series of 49 Interplanetary Spells that explore the full potential of the hours/day system for magical magic. In some of these spells I have been making references to the Greek Gods as associated with the planets: Chronus, Zeus, Ares, Helios, Aphrodite, Hermes, and Selene. I was sipping along at a great pace until I arrived at the spell for the hour of the Sun on the day of Venus. I just stopped dead. I revisited it every day. For a MONTH AND A HALF. I could write other things, but I just could not get this damn spell to spit out.

Yesterday, while I was again banging my head against my desk in frustration, I remembered something from a book on Greek Gods that I read when I was in 6th grade about Aphrodite sleeping with Ares and getting busted by Helios.

Turns out that Aphrodite was pretty pissed that Helios spilled the beans to Hephaistos about her infidelity with his brother Ares. To get back at him she cursed him with love for the Persian princess Leucothoe, who he promptly seduced. The goddess, Clytie, who held unrequited love for Helios, revealed the seduction of the princess to her father, King Orchamus, who buried her alive as punishment.

This story tells us two things:
1. Aphrodite and Helios probably don’t get on well, and should not be called upon in the same spell.
2. The Greek Gods are a bunch of psychotic drama queens. Greek Mythology is like Days of Lives S.V.U.

Anyway, I made separate offerings to Helios and Aphrodite to smooth things out. I then approached the combined powers through their inherent emptiness (Buddhist training has a lot of uses) and immediately was able to tap into the current and get it written.

Click Here to Leave a Comment Below 13 comments
Frater Benedict

Very interesting reading, Jason.

When it comes to Classical mythology, the Sun and the Moon are ascribed to more than one deity, although this probably is an expression of a late stage of development when several regions of Greece and the neighbouring parts of the Mediterranean lands exchanged their local solar and lunar deities with each other. If Aphrodite doesn’t go well together with Helios, perhaps Phoebus Apollon could be a solar god better suited to be combined with Aphrodite?

More hazardous solar alternatives could be the Orphic god Phanes Protogonus (playing the same rôle in Orphic mythology as Atum-Ra does in Old Kingdom Heliopolitan Egyptian mythology), Zeus Ianos (being the hellenized version of the Roman Janus mentioned by Proclus) or the goddess known as Hipta (being the Greek version of the name ‘Hebat’, one of the titles of the Anatolian sun goddess Arinna). The problem with these alternatives is that they rather embodies the solar principle at work at noetic-noeric levels of reality or (in the case of Hipta) came to be identified with the goddess Physis (Mother Nature) and the Middle-Platonic/Neo-Platonic World Soul in late antiquity.

There is also an ongoing debate about some of the Titans – Hyperion, Theia and Phoebe sometimes speculated to be solar or lunar deities – but since these identifications aren’t undeniable it would probably be less prudent choices.

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Hubert

But what about using other Solar deities and Venusian deities? Why does it have to be those two who don’t get along from since time immemorial?

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Christopher Lung

fascinating, I didn’t know that bit about Aphrodite and Helios. It does make for some interesting stories.

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moonlily

Ah, Aphrodite, no wonder I was thinking to look up this…careful when you call her names..

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Matt

I’ve been thinking a lot recently about syncretism and what gods are the same as other gods. Things generally look like various gods have the same origin, and these are close together (the same?). However, later there may have been syncretizations, which yield god pairs which were worshiped as the same but weren’t really.

For example, Ishtar and Astarte are the same, and possibly even Aphrodite. But Aphrodite and Venus are not the same, even if they were considered so by the Romans.

That being said, Zeus and Jupiter descend from the same Indo-European sky god, but feel only distantly related to me.

Relatedly, there are some unexpected syncretizations in the Orphic Hymns (which, note, were pretty late, Hellenistic or Roman according to Wikipedia). For example, Helios is referred to as Zeus.

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    Frater Benedict

    And then there’s also the opposite: Several Classical deities with the same name, distinguished only by a clarifying title.

    The Lycians, for instance, worshipped several Zeuses: Zeus Stratios/Labrandenos (Similar to Uranus, a former generation celestial god concerned with stars, air and non-interventional rulership), Zeus Solymeus (with the features commonly associated with the name ‘Zeus’, a younger generation celestial god concerned with weather, active rulership and fights against chaotic creatures), Zeus Osogoa and Zeus Chrysaoraios. The myths about the Cretan ‘Zeus Diktaios’ alleged that he was dead – a myth never connected to the more common pan-Hellenic Zeus.

    It was common among the Greeks to make a distinction about two Herakleses: An Olympian divine Herakles participating in the war against Typhon in the primordial age, and the human hero Herakles with an alleged life-span one or two generations before the Trojan War. The divine one was identified with the Egyptian god Khonsu and the Syro-Phoenician god Melqart.

    Plato makes a distinction between Aphrodite Urania and ‘the Common’ Aphrodite, but in this only transmitting an even older distinction between (or rivaling myths about) a Homeric Dione, her daughter Aphrodite and the sea-froth-born Aphrodite in the Theogony of Hesiod (A similar tension found in the beliefs about the Syro-Phoenician goddesses Astarte, her daughter Qadesh and her sister Atargatis/Baaltis).

    The maternal, queenlike and fertility-oriented Artemis (or Diana) popular in Ephesus (similar to Kybele and Hipta) seem to have been the object connected to quite different beliefs than the more commonly known sister of Apollo(n), the virginal nocturnal huntress who at a late stage became associated with the Moon. This bipartite set of Artemises is even reflected in myths distinguishing between an Artemis-daughter-of-Leto (the huntress) and an Artemis-daughter-of-Demeter (the maternal – and awe-inspiring – one mentioned by Pausanias and Aeschylus).

    Cicero treated this multiplication of homonymous deities with concealed Platonic irony (making fun of the Stoics, while posing as a Stoic himself) in his ‘De Natura Deorum’, a graphic table of which may be found at: http://www.maicar.com/GML/DeNaturaDeorum.html

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